Excellence in Surgical Care: A Review of Preoperative and Postoperative Management
Edilmar de Moura Santos, Amália Cinthia Meneses do Rêgo, Irami Araújo-Filho
A retrospective study aimed to analyze and identify the main components involved in patients'
preoperative and postoperative management, recognizing the importance of knowledge in approaching
the complexities inherent to surgical procedures. Search was conducted in the PubMed, Embase,
SCOPUS, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases to identify relevant studies. Patients with
compromised organic functional reserve, when undergoing surgical procedures, often face an increased
risk of morbidity and mortality. In this context, obtaining a comprehensive medical history and a
meticulous physical assessment are crucial in decision- making. Laboratory tests are recommended only
when clinical findings justify their performance. This review highlights fundamental aspects, including
surgical indication, clinical history, physical examination, surgical risk assessment, continuous use
medications, sedation approaches, antibiotic prophylaxis, unique preparations, and postoperative care.
In conclusion, this comprehensive literature review significantly contributed to the in-depth and wellfounded understanding of the preoperative preparation and postoperative care of patients with surgical
pathologies within a scientifically validated context.
